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Sustainability and Issues in Indonesia Essay - 632 Words

I am determined to help building a better Indonesia by making it more sustainable. Sustainability is vital because natural resources have been the main source of conflict in Indonesia. Indonesia has 132.9 million hectare of forest out of 192.2 million hectare land, which means almost nearly 70 percent of Indonesian people dealt in natural resources management issues. According to Robecosams Countries Sustainable Ranking in 2013, Indonesia was ranked 56 (out of 59 countries, with the first country being the most sustainable). Indonesia scored very low in environmental aspect, which has come to no surprise viewing Indonesias deforestation rate at 1.08 million hectare/year. This is the repercussion of Indonesia natural resources wealth†¦show more content†¦WARSI has helped established 13 Village Forest establishment in Jambi and West Sumatera Province as a scheme from community-based forest management model. Although we have succeeded in assisting 13 villages to secure their fo rest, yet there still numerous villages and many customary people of whose forest still in verge of uncertainty. As much as we tried to work on the Village Forest scheme, in the end we have to wait for the Ministry of Forestry to formulate it that could take up until two years, even more. Influencing the government policy by is utmost challenging because there are things that cannot be reached without legal authority. Often we could only push as much but the policy remains the same because we lack of power. Thus, my professional goal is to be able to sit in governmental position to be able to affect the decision-making process so that the government could be more effective in conducting environmental and development policy. My plan in working in this NGO is to be able know the structure and problem of Indonesian government from the outside. After a year working in the NGO, I wish to pursue my master education in the sector sustainability and development. Courses with cutting-edge le arning toolkits, as well as hands-on experience will equip me with the knowledge and skills necessary to be more competitive and competent. Learning about the emerging concept ofShow MoreRelatedIndonesi A Country Of Indonesia1545 Words   |  7 PagesLocated between the Indian and Pacific oceans in the Southeast Asia, Indonesia ranked number four (as in 2014), as the most populous country in the world with 252,812,245 milion people (worldometers, n.d.). 13,194,000 million people alone are living in the capital city of Indonesia, Jakarta (national geographic, n.d). It is a country consists of 17,000 islands; around 6000 islands are inhabited and Indonesia is linked to the equator (Infoplease, n.d). 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It is a fact that cannot be denied anymore. Based on existing data, throughout 2010 there were new discoveries of gas reserves are significant enough to achieve 2.09 trillion cubic feet, while the discovery of oil only amounted to 140 million barrels only. On January 1, 2011, proved reserves position and potential of gas in Indonesia reached 153.72 trillion cubic feet of proven and potential reserves and crude

Pintura Ecuatoriana Free Essays

SALLY SWANSONG CASE Possibilities – Alternatives for both parts: Sally (1) and Lyric Opera Company(2) 1 2 Sally should not sing in this opera, she could do that in other opportunity| Lyric Opera Company should contract to other young opera singer to the principle role| She could teach to any another young opera singers. | It could contract an opera singer with experience or anyone whose it could not have to pay a lot of money| Looking for the principle role in other musical| Looking for another cheap principal singer with experience. Looking for a job in others places or public activities related to the art world in order to be recognized once again e. We will write a custom essay sample on Pintura Ecuatoriana or any similar topic only for you Order Now g. TV commercials. It could be accessible, because of her experience. | Contracting a very well-known opera singer, not only national, so international one. Announcing that by press conference to reduce extra marketing expenses. | Having the principal role as the opera singer, collecting not a high salary because of the uncertain result of the audience. Offering the main role to a secondary opera singer, emphasizing that it would be a great opportunity to her career. | 1. Two possible alternatives: Sally: (-) Looking for another title role in another place by another company, using their experience and she would be able to relaunch her career in this way. (+) Getting the contract with this company. As a result, having successful and getting recognition. Lyric Opera Company: (-) Hire another opera singer in the title role as cheaply as possible (it is mportant to emphasize that she would have only three weeks to the opening) (+) To win time, it can contract to Sally with a little mar gin of negative answer of the audience because of her experience, possible conventions and good benefits in terms of money (because it is not a good show, it could pay the minimum to Sally) 2. Lyric Opera Company, Sally and us – Interest LYRIC OPERA COMPANY: * $ (All related to money) Winning more than they expected a percentage of 85%. Saving as much as possible ($). Hiring a principal opera singer at the lowest price possible for avoiding budget problems * They want to designate the primary role of the play at the shortest possible time because the premiere would be in three weeks. * Maintain its prestige * In monetary terms, To be successful is necessary to sell over 85% of the locations * No problems during the premiere with the principal opera singer SALLY: * To be recognized, resurging as the phoenix bird. It could be possible if she had only the principle role, * Relaunching her career. Achieving contract with Lyric Opera company to access better paying to future roles * To succeed, it is necessary that the play could have the necessary promotions and marketing suitable for proper ticket sales (over 80%) * Having the TV Contract to $ 45000 WE: * Having recognition for Sally case, being this our first job. * Achieving a commission in line with sales and the success of the play * Give all the benefices to Sally in this case, to satisfy her necessities and be recommended later, so it is important to achieve the contract with the TV to $ 45,000 or projecting her career in the future * If we manage a ood bargain in the case of Sally, we could achieve reputation 3. WIN TO WIN options What happen if Sally performs the Opera? Result: Both WIN WIN TO WIN| Sally| If Sally does the title role of the opera, she will get the revival and recognition. And she will have more than commissions, which was looking for futures contracts and other activities, immersed in the art world. Lyric Opera Company| Hiring Sally who has experience, thus reducing the time of pre paration for the premiere of the soon play; it is more predictable for the company, so it could solve the main problem of â€Å"looking for the principal opera singer†| Us (legal representatives)| Being our first case, the success of Sally, will benefice us in terms of recognition. | Additionally: * As marketing program, it could be a good option to make agreements with institutions such as the educational, cultural in order to increase ticket sales for the play and it would be possible to achieve the 80% provided by the company to be considered a success. As Sally does not charge commission for this agreement, Lyric Opera Cia could be benefited from the sale of tickets, without having invested heavily in promotions. * In terms of money, Opera Company can hire Sally with a fixed value that is 15% or 20% less than market price. So, Sally could have her contract, and Opera Company hires someone before the premiere of the play at a lower cost * If it gets 85% predicted, it will be given to the respective payment to Sally and commissions. If it is not possible â€Å"sales expectations†, it could represent less payment or the minimum to Sally. But the company must comply with the relevant marketing, then If Sally gets the lead role, and she could relaunch her career for futures contracts, she may make donations to Lyric Opera Cia. * Because of her experience, and the success he had in the past, there are people who continue following her so the Company can use his name for marketing campaigns. What happen if other Soprano performs the Opera? Result: WIN TO WIN| Sally| . | Lyric Opera Company| | Us (legal representatives)| | How to cite Pintura Ecuatoriana, Essay examples

Language and Memory Psychology Research Paper Essay Example

Language and Memory Psychology Research Paper Essay Semantic memory refers to our knowledge of words, their meanings, and their relationships to each other and to the physical world. It may be thought of as a dictionary, encyclopedia, and thesaurus, all rolled into one (Tulving, 1972). A model of semantic memory refers to a description of how the semantic features of a word are represented, how these representations can be combined into larger units of meaning (such as phrases and sentences), what deductions can be made about a word based on the context in which it appears, and how word meaning is related to the perceptual systems that provide access to the world (McNamara Holbrook, 2003). In an object-based view of semantics, words are considered to be associated if the objects they refer to have shared properties. Closeness is a measure of the similarity between objects. The property investigated may be common features or inclusion in a common category. Category membership can be treated as a strongly weighted feature, making these two ways of classifying words essentially identical. As a quick example, consider the words cat and dog. Both have teeth, claws, fur and a tail. Additionally, both can be included in the category pets. In an object-based view of semantics, the word cat would be closely semantically related to dog. We will write a custom essay sample on Language and Memory Psychology Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Language and Memory Psychology Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Language and Memory Psychology Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As Stone et al (2004) points out, the cognitive science and sociocultural perspectives differ considerably in their focus to the study of language. However, despite the fact that the difference in orientation is due to the fact that the cognitive scientists have a long tradition of interest in grammar, while sociocultural group has been primarily interested in meaning and pragmatics (Stone et al, 2004, p.11), both groups share the same understanding of language productions stages, namely message, encoding of it into linguistic form, encoding of linguistic form into speech, decoding of speech into linguistic form, and decoding of linguistic form into a meaning. Accessing language appropriately depends on the organization of the knowledge base that stores words and their meanings. Meanings or concepts are stored in a semantic network, and words are stored in a lexical network. According to Collins and Loftus (1975), concepts are stored as nodes that are organized by semantic similarity or relatedness. The greater the similarity between two concepts, the closer the concepts are stored within the network. For example, the concept of sparrow may be stored close to eagle, but hawk may be stored closer to eagle because these birds have more in common. Each node in the lexical network is linked to its corresponding concept node. When a concept is activated by a word that is heard or read, this activation spreads from this concept to the most closely related nodes. As this activation spreads outward, its strength decays over time. This spreading activation process is considered to be automatic. Automatic activation occurs subconsciously or without an individual’s intent, and it is fast acting and does not consume processing resources in working memory. After a short-lived â€Å"automatic† period of activation, word processing may continue in a strat egic manner known as controlled processing. Controlled processing operates under the influence of conscious awareness, is slow acting, and consumes resources in working memory. One procedure that allows researchers to distinguish automatic from controlled processing is a primed lexical decision task, in which participants decide whether a given letter string is a real word. In this task, words are presented in pairs, with the first word known as a prime and the second word as a target. Participants do not respond to the prime, but do make an overt response to the target. For example, if the prime-target pair is nurse-doctor, the prime nurse is presented for a set duration and requires no response. Next the target doctor is presented and the participant makes a recordable â€Å"YES or NO† response indicating whether the target is a real word. Now, let us consider how the primed lexical decision task allows us to study processing within the semantic network. When nurse is activated in the lexical-semantic network, there is a corresponding activation of related nodes (e.g., doctor, hospital, patient, etc.). This early activation of related words, such as doctor, elicits a relatively fast lexical response. On the other hand, unrelated words, such as nurse-bread, are stored farther away from each other. Activation of nurse spreads to the activation of healthcare related nodes and, thus, is not likely to activate bread. Without prior activation, bread elicits a relatively slow lexical response. The previous discussion of activation in semantic memory introduced the levels of automatic and controlled processing. These levels can be studied somewhat separately by manipulating aspects of the primed lexical decision task. First, let us examine how the manipulation is accomplished when the focus is on controlled processing. Controlled (strategic) processing operates under the influence of conscious awareness, is slow acting and is a mechanism of limited-capacity. In priming tasks, controlled processing may be evident before or after the target has been presented. After a target is presented, postlexical controlled processing consists of mental operations influenced by the relationship between a prime and target. One postlexical strategy is semantic matching in which participants check the semantic relationship between a prime and a target. Viewing the prime salt followed by the target pepper activates a quicker â€Å"YES† response because these words â€Å"match† semantically. The semantic matching strategy operates in reverse with an unrelated prime. A non-match (e.g., salt-robin) produces a bias for participants to respond â€Å"NO†, which is incorrect for the task of lexical decision. Because neurologically intact participants still make mostly accurate responses, it is possible that they suppress the urge to respond â€Å"NO.† This strategic inhibition requires effort in working memory and, therefore, is likely to add time to a lexical decision (Brown, Hagoort, Chwilla, 2000). Automatic processing is considered to consist of the spreading activation process described earlier. Thus, spreading activation is fast acting, occurs subconsciously, and does not interfere with coexisting mental activity. Automatic spreading activation accounts for priming that occurs when the interval between the prime and target is so brief that it is nearly imperceptable. The activation spreads out following a structure that corresponds to the relatedness among concepts; and, thus, the semantic relatedness of primes is facilitative of targets at these very brief intervals. On the other hand, spreading activation does not produce the inhibition that we might expect when a prime is not semantically related to the target. Inhibition is the result of a strategic or effortful mental activity. Therefore, more time between a prime and target is required for inhibition to develop. An unrelated prime, like a neutral prime, acts merely as an uninformative or misleading variable. References

Colon Paper essays

Colon Paper essays Colon cancer is a condition that affects thousands of people. About 140,000 new cases are diagnosed each year and it kills more than 56,000 people each year. This type of cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. The problem that surrounds this deadly disease is that half of this deaths could be prevented by screening, unfortunately the majority of people older than 50 do not undergo for colorectal cancer screening even though is recommended for all persons50 and over and for those with family history. Also many primary care physician do not screen for all the patients who meet the qualifications for colorectal screening. Screening can prevent colorectal cancer when detection and removal of precancerous polyps is done on time. Anther problem with colorectal cancer screening is the fact that many people feel uncomfortable having this part of the anatomy examined. The American Cancer Society recommends an annual digital rectal examination for people age 40, an a nnual fecal occult blood test for people age over 50 and flexible sigmoidoscopy every three to five years for people aged over 50. Cancer of the colon, a common form of cancer, is a disease in which cancer (malignant) cells are found in the tissues of the colon. The colon is part of the body's digestive system. The digestive system is made up of the esophagus, stomach, and the small and large intestines. The last 6 feet of intestine is called the large bowel or colon. After diagnosis and to fond out if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, the doctor needs to identify the stage of the cancer to start the appropriate treatment. Stage 0. The cancer is very early. It is found only in the innermost lining of the colon or rectum. Stage I. The cancer involves more of the inner wall of the colon or rectum. Stage II. The cancer has spread outside the colon or rectum to ne ...

Sentence Building with Adjective Clauses

Sentence Building with Adjective Clauses In our study of adjective clauses, weve learned the following: The adjective clausea word group that modifies a nounis a common form of subordination.An adjective clause usually begins with a relative pronoun.The two main types of adjective clauses are restrictive and nonrestrictive. Now were ready to practice building and combining sentences with adjective clauses. Consider how these two sentences can be combined: My mp3 player fell apart after a few weeks.My mp3 player cost over $200. By substituting the relative pronoun which for the subject of the second sentence, we can create a single sentence containing an adjective clause: My mp3 player, which cost over $200, fell apart after a few weeks. Or we may choose to substitute which for the subject of the first sentence: My mp3 player, which fell apart after a few weeks, cost over $200. Put what you think is the main idea in the main clause, the secondary (or subordinate) idea in the adjective clause. And keep in mind that an adjective clause usually appears after the noun it modifies. PRACTICE: Building Sentences with Adjective ClausesCombine the sentences in each set into a single, clear sentence with at least one adjective clause. Subordinate the information that you think is of secondary importance. When you are done, compare your new sentences with the sample combinations below. Keep in mind that many combinations are possible, and in some cases you may prefer your own sentences to the original versions. The first alarm clock woke the sleeper by gently rubbing his feet.The first alarm clock was invented by Leonardo da Vinci.Some children have not received flu shots.These children must visit the school doctor.Success encourages the repetition of old behavior.Success is not nearly as good a teacher as failure.I showed the arrowhead to Rachel.Rachels mother is an archaeologist.Merdine was born in a boxcar.Merdine was born somewhere in Arkansas.Merdine gets homesick every time she hears the cry of a train whistle.The space shuttle is a rocket.The rocket is manned.This rocket can be flown back to earth.This rocket can be reused.Henry Aaron played baseball.Henry Aaron played with the Braves.Henry Aaron played for 20 years.Henry Aaron was voted into the Hall of Fame.The vote was taken in 1982.Oxygen is colorless.Oxygen is tasteless.Oxygen is odorless.Oxygen is the chief life-supporting element of all plant life.Oxygen is the chief life-supporting element of all animal life.Bushido is the tr aditional code of honor of the samurai.Bushido is based on the principle of simplicity.Bushido is based on the principle of honesty.Bushido is based on the principle of courage.Bushido is based on the principle of justice. Merdine danced on the roof.It was the roof of her trailer.Merdine danced during the thunderstorm.The thunderstorm flooded the county.The thunderstorm was last night. When you have completed all ten sets, compare your new sentences with the sample combinations below. The first alarm clock, which woke the sleeper by gently rubbing his feet, was invented by Leonardo da Vinci.Children who have not received flu shots must visit the school doctor.Success, which encourages the repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as  failure.I showed the arrowhead to Rachel, whose mother is an archaeologist.Merdine, who was born in a boxcar somewhere in Arkansas, gets homesick every time she hears the cry of a train whistle.The space shuttle is a manned rocket that can be flown back to earth and reused.Henry Aaron, who played baseball with the Braves for 20 years, was voted into the Hall of Fame in 1982.Oxygenwhich is colorless, tasteless, and odorlessis the chief life-supporting element of all plant and animal life.Bushido, which is the traditional code of honor of the samurai, is based on the principles of simplicity, honesty, courage, and justice.Merdine  danced on the roof of her trailer during the thunderstorm that flooded the county las t night. See also:  Combining Sentences and Building Paragraphs With Adjective Clauses

BA Social work - Values and ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

BA Social work - Values and ethics - Essay Example The working conditions and cases handled are usually very different for each case of social work. Ethical dilemma arises when the right answer to any course of action is not obvious i.e. it can be in child services to differentiate between vulnerable and exploited child. There are also some situations where the individual need of a child is overlooked over the other issues. The same was the case of Victoria Climbie, where her needs were overlooked over the housing requirement of her aunt and murderer. There may be values which contradict with each other. This theory is based upon the consequences of any particular activity. In this the net benefit resulting from any act or policy is calculated. It is based on the happiness or unhappiness a person gets from the consequences of any particular policy which is rather a difficult task. It depends upon individuals’ ability to think of consequences. It leads to lots of uncertainty in the complex situations. This theory can be utilised in the simpler issues. It can be understood by the example of Victoria Climbie case inquiry. Anonymous call was made to inform Brent Social Services for the bad condition of the child. If Brent Services had responded in time and handled the case properly with the view of the worst consequences (which happened later) may be Victoria Climbie would have saved. This theory was developed as a criticism of consequentialist theory. Consequentialist theory emphasis more on the end means that are consequences. This theory states that means which are leading to those consequences are equally important. The means have got moral importance. 18th Century Immanuel Kant had explained the theory, placing the emphasis on the duties and rules. He explained with simple examples like ignoring rules like ‘do not lie’, ‘keep promises’ and others will have bad consequences. This theory can also be